Capital Gains Tax Calculator by State
Work out the federal tax, the 3.8% net investment income tax and your state’s tax on selling stocks, funds, a home or collectibles in 2026, and see what the same sale would cost in every state.
Assumes the standard deduction, this one sale, no capital losses and no city or county income tax.
Other income means wages, interest, pensions and other ordinary income this year, not counting this sale. Enter it before the standard deduction; the calculator takes the 2026 standard deduction off for you.
01Your Tax on This Sale
| Item | Amount | Share of the gain |
|---|
02Short-Term vs Long-Term Tax
The same sale taxed as a short-term gain (owned one year or less) and as a long-term gain (more than one year), with the rest of your inputs unchanged.
| Tax | One year or less | More than a year |
|---|
03The Same Sale in Every State
Your sale and income in every state and DC, cheapest first. The bar compares each state’s tax with the highest. Choose a state to switch the calculator to it.
| # | State | State tax | Total tax | After-tax gain |
|---|
Federal tax and the net investment income tax are the same everywhere; only the state tax changes. City and county income taxes are not included.
042026 Federal Capital Gains Tax Rates
Long-term gains and qualified dividends are stacked on top of your other taxable income. The rate depends on where the gain falls on these lines of taxable income (income after the standard deduction of $16,100 for single filers, $32,200 for married couples filing jointly and $24,150 for heads of household).
| Rate | Single | Married filing jointly | Head of household |
|---|---|---|---|
| 0% | Up to $49,450 | Up to $98,900 | Up to $66,200 |
| 15% | $49,450 to $545,500 | $98,900 to $613,700 | $66,200 to $579,600 |
| 20% | Over $545,500 | Over $613,700 | Over $579,600 |
Source: IRS, Rev. Proc. 2025-32. Short-term gains are taxed at ordinary rates (10% to 37%). Long-term collectibles gains: ordinary rate, at most 28%. Net investment income tax: 3.8% on the smaller of investment income and modified adjusted gross income over $200,000 (single and head of household) or $250,000 (married filing jointly); these lines are not indexed for inflation. Home sale exclusion: up to $250,000 ($500,000 joint).
05How Each State Taxes Capital Gains, 2026
Most states tax capital gains as ordinary income at their regular rates. 9 have no tax on them: Alaska, Florida, Missouri, Nevada, New Hampshire, South Dakota, Tennessee, Texas and Wyoming. These states have rules of their own for capital gains: Arizona, Arkansas, Hawaii, Maryland, Massachusetts, Minnesota, Montana, New Mexico, North Dakota, South Carolina, Vermont, Washington and Wisconsin.
| State | How capital gains are taxed |
|---|---|
| Alabama | Taxed as regular income, top rate 5% |
| Alaska | No tax on capital gains (no individual income tax) |
| Arizona | Flat 2.5%, with 25% of a net long-term gain on assets bought after 2011 subtracted Also: 100% subtraction for an investment in a certified Arizona qualified small business |
| Arkansas | 50% of a net long-term gain is exempt, and net gain over $10 million is fully exempt; short-term gains taxed in full Also: 100% exemption for venture capital in a qualified technology business held 5 years |
| California | Regular rates, top rate 13.3% (including the 1% tax on income over $1 million); no lower rate for capital gains |
| Colorado | Taxed as regular income, top rate 4.4% Also: Subtraction up to $100,000 for farmers selling Colorado farmland |
| Connecticut | Taxed as regular income, top rate 6.99% |
| Delaware | Taxed as regular income, top rate 6.6% |
| District of Columbia | Taxed as regular income, top rate 10.75% |
| Florida | No tax on capital gains (no individual income tax) |
| Georgia | Flat 4.99% (2026) |
| Hawaii | Long-term gains taxed at regular rates, but no more than 7.25%; short-term gains at regular rates |
| Idaho | Taxed as regular income, top rate 5.3% Also: 60% deduction for Idaho real property, livestock and timber held the required time (not stocks) |
| Illinois | Taxed as regular income, top rate 4.95% Also: Subtraction for gains built up before August 1, 1969 |
| Indiana | Taxed as regular income, top rate 2.95% |
| Iowa | Taxed as regular income, top rate 3.8% Also: Deduction for some business, farm, livestock and timber sales and sales to an Iowa ESOP |
| Kansas | Taxed as regular income, top rate 5.58% Also: Subtraction for gains on Kansas turnpike and electric generation bonds |
| Kentucky | Taxed as regular income, top rate 3.5% |
| Louisiana | Flat 3%; the deduction for selling a Louisiana business was repealed from 2025 |
| Maine | Regular rates (5.8% to 7.15%), plus a new 2% surcharge on income over $1 million ($1.5 million joint) from 2026 |
| Maryland | Regular rates, plus an extra 2% on a net long-term gain when federal adjusted gross income is over $350,000 Also: The 2% does not apply to retirement accounts, some farm livestock and land under conservation easements |
| Massachusetts | Long-term gains 5%, short-term gains 8.5%, collectibles 12% less a 50% deduction; 4% surtax on income over $1,107,750 |
| Michigan | Taxed as regular income, top rate 4.25% |
| Minnesota | Regular rates, plus 1% on net investment income over $1 million |
| Mississippi | Taxed as regular income, top rate 4% Also: No tax on gains from shares in Mississippi companies held more than a year |
| Missouri | No tax on capital gains: since 2025 individuals subtract 100% of federally reported capital gains (other income is still taxed) |
| Montana | Long-term gains have their own lower rates, 3.0% and 4.1%; short-term gains at regular rates (4.7% to 5.65%) |
| Nebraska | Taxed as regular income, top rate 4.55% Also: One-time election to exclude gain on employee stock of a qualified Nebraska company |
| Nevada | No tax on capital gains (no individual income tax) |
| New Hampshire | No tax on capital gains (no individual income tax on wages or investment income) |
| New Jersey | Regular rates, top rate 10.75%; no difference between short-term and long-term gains |
| New Mexico | Up to $2,500 of a net long-term gain is deducted Also: 40% of up to $1 million of gain from the sale of a business in New Mexico |
| New York | Taxed as regular income, top rate 10.9% |
| North Carolina | Taxed as regular income, top rate 3.99% |
| North Dakota | 40% of a net long-term gain is excluded |
| Ohio | Taxed as regular income, top rate 2.75% Also: Gain on a business the owner ran may count as business income at 3% |
| Oklahoma | Taxed as regular income, top rate 4.5% Also: Deduction for Oklahoma property held 5 years and Oklahoma company stock held 2 years |
| Oregon | Taxed as regular income, top rate 9.9% Also: Reduced rate for qualifying farm property sales |
| Pennsylvania | Flat 3.07%; no difference between short-term and long-term gains, and losses cannot offset other income |
| Rhode Island | Taxed as regular income, top rate 5.99% |
| South Carolina | 44% of a net long-term gain is deducted |
| South Dakota | No tax on capital gains (no individual income tax) |
| Tennessee | No tax on capital gains (no individual income tax on wages or investment income) |
| Texas | No tax on capital gains (no individual income tax) |
| Utah | Taxed as regular income, top rate 4.45% |
| Vermont | Up to $5,000 of a net long-term gain is excluded Also: 40% exclusion for non-public assets held more than 3 years, such as a private business or farm |
| Virginia | Taxed as regular income, top rate 5.75% |
| Washington | No income tax, but a 7% capital gains tax on long-term gains over $278,000 a year (the 2025 deduction; the 2026 figure is not yet published), plus 2.9% more (9.9% in all) on taxable gains over $1 million. Short-term gains, real estate and retirement accounts are not taxed Also: Deductions for a qualified family-owned small business and large charitable gifts |
| West Virginia | Taxed as regular income, top rate 4.58% |
| Wisconsin | 30% of a net long-term gain is excluded (60% for farm assets) Also: 60% exclusion for farm assets; Deferral of gains reinvested in a qualified Wisconsin business |
| Wyoming | No tax on capital gains (no individual income tax) |
Top rates are each state’s highest regular rate for a single filer. Narrow exclusions listed under “Also” apply only to some assets or sellers and are not included in the calculator.
06How We Calculate
- Federal tax follows the IRS Qualified Dividends and Capital Gain Tax Worksheet: your other income and the standard deduction set your taxable income, and a long-term gain is stacked on top at 0%, 15% and 20%. A short-term gain is added to ordinary income. Collectibles are taxed at your ordinary rate, capped at 28%.
- The net investment income tax is 3.8% of the smaller of the gain and the amount your modified adjusted gross income is over the threshold. A home sale gain that is excluded does not count.
- The home sale exclusion (up to $250,000, or $500,000 joint) is applied only when you pick “Your home” and answer Yes to the eligibility question.
- The gain is the sale price minus your cost basis and selling costs. Mortgage payoffs do not change the gain.
- State tax is the difference between your state tax with and without the gain, using each state’s 2026 brackets, deductions and credits from the Paycheck Calculator, plus each state’s own capital gains rules: exclusions of part of long-term gains, separate rates, surtaxes and Washington’s capital gains tax.
- Other income is treated as ordinary income such as wages, before the standard deduction. Where a state ties a deduction to pay (Massachusetts’ deduction for Social Security and Medicare), only the other income counts, never the gain.
Not included: capital losses and loss carryovers, itemized deductions, depreciation recapture on rental property (taxed at up to 25%), the alternative minimum tax, qualified small business stock, installment sales, city and county income taxes, and the narrow state exclusions listed above. Married filing separately is not offered.
07Frequently Asked Questions
What is the capital gains tax rate for 2026?
Long-term gains (assets held more than a year) are taxed federally at 0%, 15% or 20%, depending on taxable income. For 2026 the 0% rate covers taxable income up to $49,450 for single filers and $98,900 for married couples filing jointly, 15% applies up to $545,500 and $613,700, and 20% above that. Short-term gains are taxed as ordinary income at rates from 10% to 37%.
Do I pay state tax on capital gains?
In most states, yes: capital gains are added to your income and taxed at the regular state rates. 9 states have no tax on capital gains (Alaska, Florida, Missouri, Nevada, New Hampshire, South Dakota, Tennessee, Texas and Wyoming), and several others exclude part of long-term gains or tax them at a lower rate.
What is the net investment income tax?
A 3.8% federal tax on investment income, including capital gains, for people whose modified adjusted gross income is above $200,000 (single or head of household) or $250,000 (married filing jointly). It applies to the smaller of your investment income and the amount your income is over the line. The thresholds are set in law and are not adjusted for inflation.
How much of a home sale is tax-free?
If you owned and lived in the home as your main home for at least two of the five years before the sale, you can exclude up to $250,000 of gain ($500,000 for married couples filing jointly) from federal income tax, as long as you have not used the exclusion on another sale in the past two years. Most states follow the federal exclusion.
Does holding an investment longer than a year lower the tax?
Usually by a lot. A gain on an asset held one year or less is taxed as ordinary income; held more than a year it qualifies for the 0%, 15% or 20% rates. The calculator shows both side by side. Several states also tax long-term gains more lightly.
How are collectibles taxed?
Long-term gains on collectibles such as art, coins, stamps and precious metals are taxed at your ordinary rate, but no higher than 28%, instead of the 15% or 20% rates. Massachusetts also taxes long-term collectibles gains at a higher rate than other long-term gains.
08Sources
- IRS Rev. Proc. 2025-32: 2026 tax brackets, standard deduction and capital gains rate lines
- IRS: Net investment income tax
- IRS Topic 701: Sale of your home
- IRS Topic 409: Capital gains and losses
- Washington Department of Revenue: Capital gains tax
- Washington Department of Revenue: New tiered rates for the capital gains tax
- Massachusetts Department of Revenue: Massachusetts tax rates
- Hawaii Revised Statutes 235-51(f): capital gains alternative tax
- Arkansas Code 26-51-815: capital gains exemption
- Arizona Revised Statutes 43-1022: long-term capital gain subtraction
- Montana Department of Revenue: HB 337 rates for capital gains
- Comptroller of Maryland: Tax Bulletin 58, the 2% tax on capital gains
- Minnesota Statutes 290.033: tax on net investment income
- Missouri Department of Revenue: 2025 legislative changes (capital gains subtraction)
- New Mexico Statutes 7-2-34: capital gains deduction
- North Dakota Century Code 57-38-30.3: long-term capital gain exclusion
- South Carolina Code 12-6-1150: capital gains deduction
- Vermont Department of Taxes: Schedule IN-153 capital gains exclusion instructions
- Maine Revenue Services: 2026 individual tax rate schedules and surcharge
- California Franchise Tax Board: Capital gains and losses
- Pennsylvania Department of Revenue: Net gains from the sale of property
Federal figures: IRS Rev. Proc. 2025-32. State brackets: the Paycheck Calculator’s October 21, 2026 tables. State capital gains rules last checked October 28, 2026. This calculator gives estimates for information only; it is not tax advice.
Corrections and Updates
| Date | What changed |
|---|---|
| October 28, 2026 | Fixed the Montana calculation: when other income is below the standard deduction, the unused deduction now covers part of the gain first (single, no other income, $50,000 long-term gain: $1,017 of Montana tax, not $1,528). |
| October 28, 2026 | Fixed the Massachusetts calculation: a capital gain no longer creates a deduction for Social Security and Medicare contributions, and the 8.5% short-term and 6% collectibles rates now apply only after the personal exemption (same example: $2,280, not $2,180). |
| October 28, 2026 | The home sale exclusion is no longer applied automatically; choose Yes only if you meet the ownership, residence and earlier-sale conditions. The short-term column of the holding-period comparison no longer applies it either. |
| October 28, 2026 | Fixed Massachusetts collectibles: the 50% deduction now comes before any leftover personal exemption, then the 12% rate applies (single, no other income, $50,000 long-term collectibles gain: $2,472, not $2,736). |
Every correction to a published figure on this site is logged on Sources and Methods.
Cite This Page
This page is free to cite and link. Its figures come from IRS and state revenue departments and are kept current, so please include the date you accessed it.
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|---|---|---|
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| APA | Manuel, D. (2026). Capital Gains Tax Calculator by State: Federal, State and Net Investment Income Tax. DaveManuel.com. Retrieved October 28, 2026, from https://www.davemanuel.com/capital-gains-tax-calculator.php | Copy |
| Chicago | Manuel, Dave. “Capital Gains Tax Calculator by State: Federal, State and Net Investment Income Tax.” DaveManuel.com. Accessed October 28, 2026. https://www.davemanuel.com/capital-gains-tax-calculator.php. | Copy |
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Source data: IRS and state revenue departments. Updates: Yearly. How we build our data pages.